Mouood Mouood English Edition
O people! Among you, I am leaving what will protect you against deviation if you adhere to. It is the Book of Allah. You should follow it.
O people! Which day is today?”
“It is a sacred day,” answered they.
“Which land is this?” asked the Prophet.
“It is a sacred land,” answered they.
“Which month is this?” asked the Prophet.
“It is a sacred month,” answered they.
“Allah; the Blessed the Elevated, has made your souls, estate and honor as sacred as this day in this month on this land. The witness should inform the absent. There shall be no prophet after me, and there shall be no nation after you.”
The Prophet then raised his hands to the heavens and said, “O Allah! Be the witness.”
(In the Sahih books -the most acceptable books of hadith-, a part of this report is recorded. Al-Bezzar relates it, too. Musa Bin Ubeida; the doubtful, is within the series of the narrators.)
Majmauzzawaid; 3/272:
… Al-Adda Bin Khalid Bin Amr Bin Amir: In the Farewell Pilgrimage, I was sitting under the pulpit from which the Prophet (peace be upon him) sermonized. He said:
“Praised and thanked be Allah. God says, (O you men! We have created you of a male and a female, and made you tribes and families that you may know each other; surely the most honorable of you with Allah is the one among you most careful of his duty.) An Arab should not be preferred to a non-Arab, and a non-Arab should not be preferred to an Arab, and a black should not be preferred to a white, and a white should not be preferred to a black except on criteria of god-fearing.
O the Quraishis! Do not shoulder the mundane affairs, while people shoulder the Hereafter. I will not avail you in the least before God.”
(In his Al-Mujamul Kabir, At-Tabarani relates this narration to doubtful narrators. Previously, we have referred to an authentic documentation of this report.)
Abu Qabila: In the Farewell Pilgrimage, the Prophet sermonized:
“There shall be no prophet after me, and there shall be no nation after you. Revere your Lord, and perform the five prayers, and fast the month, and comply with the leaders and you shall be entering the Paradise of your Lord.”
(In his Al-Mujamul Kabir, At-Tabarani relates…)
Ad-Darimi’s As-Sunan; 2/47:
…The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated: “Your blood and estate are as sanctified as this day in this month on this land. Every matter that was regulated in Jahilism is under my feet. Revenge of Jahilism is revoked. The first revenge I am to revoke is the Rabia Bin Al-Harith’s. The Hutheil killed him when he was a baby at the Sa’d.
Usury of Jahilism is revoked. The first usury I am to revoke is Al-Abbas Bin Abdil-Muttelib’s.
Watch the Lord during treating your women. You have taken them by the trust of God, and consummated their privates by His word. Your rights imposed upon them are that they should not let any take your places in your beds. If they do, you are to beat them ineffectively. Their rights imposed upon you are that you should save their alimony and clothing in an acceptable way.
You shall be asked about me, what shall you answer?”
“We acknowledge you have conveyed, accomplished and advised,” shouted people.
The Prophet raised his forefinger to the heavens and shook it at people while he said thrice, “O Allah! Be the witness.” …
Ad-Darimi’s As-Sunan; 2/67:
Abdurrahman Bin Abi Bakra: His father: … “Which day is today?” asked the Prophet (peace be upon him).
We kept silent for a considerable while that we thought he would call another name for that day.
“Is it not the Nahr Day?” asserted the Prophet.
“Yes, it is,” answered we.
“Which month is this?” asked the Prophet…etc.
SECOND BASE: UNITY OF THE ISLAMIC NATION
For a preliminary sight on the texts relating the Prophet’s last sermons, a reader believes that the first five principals of this base: unity of the Islamic nation, are the only and the most important topic. Muslims repeated paragraphs of the Prophet’s sermons dealing with this topic so over again. This is by the reason that the society in which the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) lived, was of an extreme racial discrimination. It was prevailed by laws of predominance and power. The dominant, whether a ruler, a tribe, a knight or a vagrant, is always the right since he could overcome even if he used means of invasion, assassination, robbery, usurpation or trickery.
The Islamic legislation repealed all these and declared equity of people before the law. The entire sorts of abusing the private rights were prohibited. A concentration on respecting souls, estate and dignity of people was legislated. This is why they memorized these words in a way distinguished from the other prophetic topics and words. They were highly admired by these ethics and principals. For the believing Muslims, these principals formed the radical solution of the issue of invasion and murder suffered in the pre-Islamic era.
These instructions, formed in a highly eloquent divine and prophetic style, had a great influence on regulations of respecting personal character, estate and opinion after the Prophet’s decease. Without these instructions, the Muslims’ society would have been engaged in a situation extremely worse than what had actually occurred. In the same manner, the Jahilite regulations, regarding association with humanity, would have floated to the surface anew.
It is noticeable that the Prophet’s immaculate household were preceding people in the field of regarding humans and their legal freedom. Ali (peace be upon him) was the only ruler after the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), who did not use the emergency or the martial laws or any exceptional law, even with his rivals and those who abstained from declaring fealty to his leadership. Moreover, although Ali was engaged in three wars that covered the entire period of his ruling, he did not resort to violence or any exceptional policy.
On the other hand, Abu Bakr and Omar reverted to means of power and surmounting against Ansar in Saqifa of Bani Saida. They were about to kill Sa’d Bin Abada. Later on, they attacked the group who refrained from swearing allegiance to their leadership. Those people were gathering in the Prophet’s house for providing their consolation to the Prophet’s family. Furthermore, the Prophet’s funeral had not been put in the grave yet, when the band threatened them setting the house on fire if they insist on confining themselves there, and evade swearing fealty to the new leadership. When the group were late in going out and leaving the house, that band encompassed the house with firewood and set the door on fire…
The sixth principal of this base, which is the principal of maintaining properties and souls of those who speak out the creed of Islam; ‘There is no god but Allah’, was related in this form: “I am given the orders of fighting people to say ‘There is no god but Allah.’ If they speak it out, they will protect their souls and estate against me except in lawful states. God then will be the Judge.” Ali Bin Ibrahim Al-Qummi relates this form.
As a matter of fact, this principal is of three dimensions:
First all, he whoever speaks out the creeds of Islam, apart from his religion or national belongness, is reckoned with Muslims whose souls, estate and honor is kept in sacredness. In case regulations of being the despotic party, an evil in the land, a murderer, an apostate, a fornicator or the like are applicable to that person, his soul will be lawfully violated.
Second, Jews and Christians are exempted from this rule. They enjoy private regulations in case of peace or war.
Third, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) informed his people that he had restricted himself to the divine orders of jihad -struggling for the Lord’s sake-. His mission from this jihad was completing the revelation of the Quran and materializing the declaration of the two creeds of Islam. In other words, his mission was forming the general appearance of this nation. He was not given the orders of fighting the deviate or those who mislead the Muslims, since this sort of fighting is reckoned with jihad for interpreting the Quran. This sort of jihad came after the Prophet’s decease.
The seventh principal is sealing prophesy with the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), and sealing the nations with his nation. The following wording of the Prophet has been previously forecited during providing the narration of Majmauzzawaid. It is his saying, “There shall be no prophet after me, and there shall be no nation after you. Beware of your duty to Allah, and perform the five prayers, and fast on that month, and defray the poor rate, and comply with your leaders and you shall be taken to the Paradise of your Lord.”
